The National Student Research Center

E-Journal of Student Research: Social Studies

Volume 7, Number 2, January, 2000


The National Student Research Center is dedicated to promoting student research and the use of the scientific method in all subject areas across the curriculum, especially science and math.

For more information contact:

John I. Swang, Ph.D.
Founder/Director
National Student Research Center
2024 Livingston Street
Mandeville, Louisiana 70448
U.S.A.
E-Mail: nsrcmms@communique.net
http://youth.net/nsrc/nsrc.html



TABLE OF CONTENTS

  1. Can a Reduced Amount of Media Exposure Increase a Person's Self-Esteem?
  2. Music Survey
  3. After School Activities
  4. My Allowance Report
  5. Vacation Is Just More Fun
  6. Collections Survey
  7. What Transportation Do Kids Use?
  8. How Well Do Seventh Graders Understand The U.S. Customary System?
  9. What Is A Baby Boy's Daily And Weekly Routine?
  10. What Time Of Day Do Kids Pay Attention The Most? Does The Day Of The Week Affect The Results?
  11. The Accuracy Of Parking Meters

 

Title:  Can a Reduced Amount of Media Exposure Increase a
        Person's Self-Esteem?

Student Researcher:  Britney Erin Brady
School Address:  Del Norte High School 
                 Del Norte, CO  81132
Grade:  10th
Teacher:  Mrs. Stuemky


I.  Statement of Purpose and Hypothesis:

I want to perform an investigation on the correlation between 
media exposure and levels of self-esteem, which was prompted by 
a curiosity, stemmed through messages heard in television 
programming.  Television programs have the reputation of being 
immorally and destructively influential on the lives of youth.  
Therefore, my goal during this experiment was to see just how 
influential TV really was on 11, 12, and 13 year old students' 
self-esteem.  By feeling so strongly about the impact of self-
esteem, if there was any influence by the media, I wanted to 
know just how destructive those influences and messages could 
be.  I hope to achieve many substantial insights as to why some 
adolescents, have problems with low self-esteem.  I am 
especially interested with the relationship between the amount 
of time spent watching television and the average levels of 
self-esteem in 6th, 7th, and 8th grade students.  A goal is to 
find ways for people to gain a higher level of self-esteem.  
During this investigation, I also want to look for a correlation 
between excessive media exposure with low levels of self-esteem.

My hypothesis states that by the end of this experiment, I will 
have observed that reducing the amount of media exposure a 
person intakes will be directly associated with a person's 
increase in their level of self-esteem.  I believe that this 
project will also show that the average level of self-esteem 
will be greater in 7th and 8th graders when compared to 6th 
grade averages.  I also predict that average male self-esteem 
will be greater than that of their female counterparts.  Lastly, 
I believe that when 6th graders and  females are limited in the 
media they are exposed to, their self-esteem will dramatically 
increase.  

II.  Methodology:

Materials

3 different surveys that measure self-esteem
At least 15-6th, 7th, and 8th grade volunteers (10 male, 10 
female)
Tv Log
Agreement Contract
Parent Consent Forms

Procedure

Begin this experiment by using self-help and self-esteem books 
to help create 3 seperate surveys that measure self-esteem 
levels of the participants.  Once constructed, make 60 copies of 
each survey and stapled all 3 together.  Construct 2 different 
tv logs and agreement contracts, a parent consent form, and a 
letter to the parents of the participants.  The reason for 
making 2 tv logs and agreement contracts is, 1 is for the 
control students who will not be limiting the amount of time 
they spend watching television, and the other is for the 
experimental students who will limit the amount of time spent 
watching tv to 4 hours per week.  Make 30 copies of all papers 
mentioned above, then staple together and make a packet.  After 
this is completed, consult with an available guidance counselor.  
Ask for 10 girls and 10 boys from each grade level, 6th through 
8th.  Five girls and 5 boys from each grade become the control 
students of the experiment.  Once again, these students will not 
limit their media exposure, however, they will need to record 
the starting time and stopping time every time they watch tv.  
The remaining 5 girls and boys will be the experimental 
participants.  These students will limit the number of hours of 
tv they watch per week to the number predetermined at the 
beginning of this experiment (4).  Next, have all volunteers 
meet at a certain time in a designated place within the building 
they attend school.  Give students a packet with the agreement 
contract, tv log, parent consent form, etc.  Also, give a brief 
description of the project and inform the participants of how 
the results will be used.  All results should be kept 
confidential.  Have students give the completed packets back to 
their guidance counselor.  On the 1st day of the 1st week of the 
experiment, have the students meet in a designated place.  Hand 
out the packet of surveys and give them 15 minutes to answer the 
questions.  Collect all completed surveys and hand out tv logs. 

At the end of 1 full week, collect all tv logs and hand out 
another survey packet.  Again, they get 15 minutes to answer all 
questions.  Continue above 2 steps for as long as is desired or 
permitted.  Now, gather all tv logs for the completed weeks and 
check for completion.  Next, analyze each survey with the basic 
4 block rating system: 1 being below average, 2 meaning average, 
3 is above average, and 4 indicates exceptional self-esteem.  
The number for the range is specified at the top of each survey 
for future reference.  

Combine all the surveys for 1 student.  Average the results for 
each survey together, do this for the remaining 2 surveys also.  
Compile all averages into a table.  Compare all grade level 
averages to one another.  Next, compare male averages to female 
averages.  Lastly, compare the control students' averages with 
the experimental students' average results.

III.  Analysis of Data:

This experiment showed that most students had an increased level 
of self-esteem when they did not limit their exposure to the 
media.  In regard to gender, male averages were lower than 
female averages.  This shows that males have higher self-esteem 
compared to females.  Also, 6th, 7th graders had  higher levels 
of self-esteem when compared to 8th grade levels.

Investigating on media and it's effects on self-esteem concluded 
that most people's average level of self-esteem is not greatly 
affected by the media.  It also proved or reinforced that males 
have higher self-esteem compared  to females.  Lastly, this 
experiment showed that 6th and 7th graders have higher self-
esteem compared to 8th graders.

IV.  Summary and Conclusion:

The results of this experiment have shown many different aspects 
of levels of self-esteem.  Before the participants limited their 
media exposure, they had a basic range of self-esteem going from 
0 to 13.  This is a relatively wide range, that indicates some 
students had a lower level of self-esteem than most of the 
participants.  After experimentation, the average level of self-
esteem ranged from 0 to 11.  This means that some participants 
did have lower self-esteem when they limited the amount of 
television they watched in comparison to before they started the 
experiment. 

When comparing the 6th, 7th, and 8th grade averages, many 
interesting things happened.  The 6th graders had the lowest 
self-esteem on average.  Sixth grade averages were anywhere from 
2 to 4 points lower than the 7th grade averages.  However, 7th 
grade averages were 1 to 2 points lower than 8th grade averages.  
The 8th grade students had incredibly lower levels of self-
esteem compared to 6th graders.  7th graders were basically in 
the middle of the 6th grade averages and the 8th grade averages.

Comparing the genders to one another produced engaging results.  
Male averages were much lower than female averages.  This proves 
that males have a higher self-esteem than females do.  The male 
averages in this experiment were at least 4 points lower, which 
proves that female averages were incredibly high in this 
investigation.  By looking at these results, I reject all of my 
hypothesis, except for the statement predicting males would have 
higher self-esteem over females.

V.  Application:

Applications of this project span from backing prior research, 
to comparing levels of self-esteem.  Prior experimentation has 
not been conducted on the media's effects on self-esteem, so 
this project can be used for a basis to other projects.  This 
project may also help parents know if their child has 
exceptional self-esteem in comparison to their peers, or if it 
needs some work.  The general public could use the results of 
this investigation to see how influential television can be on 
their lives, and how the media may effect the way people judge 
others.



TITLE:  Music Survey

STUDENT RESEARCHER:  Kassie Baio 
SCHOOL:  Mandeville Middle School
         Mandeville LA, 70448
GRADE:  5th
TEACHER:  Ellen Marino, M.Ed


I.  STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESIS:

I did a scientific survey research project on what kinds of 
music 4th and 5th graders listen to because I listen to a lot of 
music and I'm really interested in the topic.  My hypothesis 
states that of the 4th and 5th graders surveyed less than half 
have bought a CD with their own money, also the majority listen 
to Mix 104.1 fm on the radio. 

II.METHODOLOGY:

The steps to my research project are as follows.  First I chose 
a research topic idea and did a review of literature.  After 
that I developed a hypothesis and made a questionnaire.  Next, I 
drew a random sample population and administered a 
questionnaire.  After that I got the questionnaire back and 
scored it.  Then I analyzed the data and wrote a summary and 
conclusion.  Finally, I shared my information with others.

III.  ANALYASIS OF DATA: 

Out of 27 questionnaires that were sent out, 24 were returned 
completed.  About 79% of the people who returned the 
questionnaires have CD's.  About 52% have not purchased a CD 
with there own money.  The majority of the people who surveyed 
agree with the statement, "All kids listen to music every day."  
The CD's other people mentioned the most were *NSYNC, Backstreet 
Boys, and Brittney Spears.  The majority of the people surveyed 
said they own Rock-pop.  About 53% disagree that rock-pop is the 
best type of music.  16 of the people who were surveyed said 
they liked rock-pop better than country, classical, rap, and a 
choice of "Other."  About 67% said that Mix 104.1 is there 
favorite radio station out of B97.1, Q93.3, 106.5, and "Other."  
More than half the students surveyed said they listen to music 
more than they watch TV.  About 96% said that Wagner was never 
the composer of the month they studied Mandeville Middle School.

III.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION:

Out of the completed surveys returned, about 48% of the students 
purchased a CD with their own money and 67% said that Mix 104.1 
was their favorite radio station.  Therefore, I accept my 
hypothesis which states that of the 4th and 5th graders surveyed 
less than half would have bought a CD with their own money and 
that the majority listen to Mix 104.1 fm on the radio. 

IV.APPLICATION:

I can apply my findings to the real world outside my classroom 
by sharing this information with my family and friends.  I can 
also share this information with the owner of a radio station 
and  music store.  



TITLE:  After  School  Activities

STUDENT RESEARCHER:  Jessica Beitzel
SCHOOL:  Mandeville Middle School
         Mandeville, LA 70448
GRADE:  4
TEACHER:  Ellen Marino, M.Ed.


I.  STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESIS:

I would like to do a scientific survey research project on what 
after school activities kids are involved in because I love to 
hear about the hobbies that kids have and want to know more 
about them.  My hypothesis states that the majority of the kids 
surveyed in the fourth and fifth grades at Mandeville Middle 
School are involved in organized sports after school and watch 
television for about 30 minutes daily.

II.  METHODOLOGY:

First, I picked a topic. Then I stated my purpose & reviewed my 
literature.  I also developed my hypothesis.  Next, I  developed 
a survey.  Then I randomly gave this survey to someone in each 
fourth and fifth grade class at Mandeville Middle School.  They 
completed the survey and returned it to me.  I scored it.  Next, 
I collected all of the data, wrote a summary, analyzed the data, 
and graphed it.  Last, I shared this information with my family 
and friends. 

III.  ANALYSIS OF DATA:

I sent out 27 surveys and 25 were sent back.  The surveys were 
completed by 14 girls and 11 boys.  All but two of the kids 
surveyed have hobbies.  The most common after school activity is 
sports.  The favorite activity of those surveyed is basketball.  
Only 24% of the kids surveyed said they would like to be 
involved in something, but they aren't.  Ten out of 25 kids 
agreed with the statement that everyone should be involved in 
organized sports, but nine were neutral about the idea.  Of the 
25 kids surveyed who participated in organized sports, soccer 
was mentioned the most.  20% of the kids said homework is the 
most important activity to their future.  64% said some kind of 
sport is more important to their future.  A majority of the kids 
surveyed said they spend 30 or more minutes on homework.  24 out 
of 25 kids surveyed said they have enough time to finish their 
homework.  84% of the kids surveyed agreed we should have at 
least 30 minutes of free time daily.  The majority of the kids 
said they watched more than 30 minutes of TV everyday.  The kids 
surveyed are also involved in the following activities: five in 
church groups, four in scouts, ten take some type of lessons, 
and two take community education classes.

IV.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION:

About 76% of the kids surveyed say they watch about 30 minutes 
of TV daily.  Everyone surveyed is involved in organized sports.  
Therefore, I accept my hypothesis which stated that the majority 
of the kids surveyed in the fourth and fifth grade at Mandeville 
Middle School are involved in organized sports after school and 
watch at least 30 minutes of TV daily.

V.  APPLICATION:

I can apply my findings to the world outside my classroom by 
sharing the information I found with my family and friends.  I 
can also tell my teachers and the librarians.  The people at 
Pelican Park and those at the School Board might also be 
interested in this information.



TITLE:  My Allowance Report

STUDENT RESEARCHER:  Caleb Hogan
SCHOOL:  Mandeville Middle School
         Mandeville, LA  70448
GRADE:  5th
TEACHER:  Ellen Marino,  M.Ed.


I  STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESIS:

I would like to do a scientific research project on how much an 
average student gets for an allowance.  I am interested in this 
topic because I do chores and work and I think I deserve a 
raise.  My hypothesis states that a majority of the 4th and 5th 
graders at Mandeville Middle School will get $4-5 a week and 
save it up for something big.

II  METHODOLOGY:

First I chose my topic.  Then I wrote my review of literature.  
After that I developed my hypothesis.  Next, I developed my 
questionnaire and drew a random sample.  Next, I gave out the 
questionnaires.  After that I scored my questionnaires and 
analyzed the data.   Then I wrote my summary and conclusion.  
Finally, I shared what I found out with others.

III  ANALYSIS OF DATA:

Of 27 surveys handed out, 25 were returned completed.
76% of the people surveyed got an allowance.  Out of the five 
people who didn't get allowance, three of them got spending 
money.  10 of the people surveyed said they got $4-5 dollars a 
week.  More than half of the people surveyed save their money.  
Seven people save their money for video games.  Nine people save 
their money for CD's or music.  A variety of other things were 
mentioned on the questionnaires.  A majority of the people 
surveyed bought music with their money.  19 of the people 
surveyed said they did chores to get their money.  10 of the 
people surveyed said they helped their mom to get their money.  
64% of the people surveyed said they don't think they should get 
more money.  27% of the people surveyed agreed with the 
statement that buying video games is better then buying clothes.  
72% of the people surveyed agreed with the statement that saving 
your money is better than spending it quickly. 

IV  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION:

76% of the people surveyed got an allowance.  40% of the people 
surveyed got $4-5 dollars a week.  More than half of the people 
surveyed saved their money.  Therefore I partially accept my 
hypothesis that states the majority of the 4th and 5th graders 
at Mandeville Middle School will get $4-5 dollars a week and 
save their money.

V  APPLICATION:

I can apply my findings to the world outside my classroom by 
telling my parents.  Also I could tell people who don't get an 
allowance so their parents might give them an allowance.  I hope 
my findings will help get more kids an allowance.



TITLE:  Vacation Is Just More Fun

STUDENT RESEARCHER:  Blakeney McRaney
SCHOOL:  Mandeville Middle School
         Mandeville, LA 70448
GRADE:  4th
TEACHER:  Ellen Marino, M.Ed.


I.  STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESIS:

I would like to do a survey research project on traveling.  
Traveling is a lot of fun for me.  I'm interested in this topic 
because I want to find out where kids at MMS go for vacation, 
what they do, how they get there, and a lot more questions.  My 
hypothesis states that more than half of the 4th and 5th graders 
from Mandeville Middle surveyed have gone out of state for 
vacation and about half have traveled on an airplane.

II.  METHODOLOGY:

First, you need to get your materials, which are pen or pencil, 
paper/questionnaire, and data analysis record sheet.  

Then I wrote my statement of purpose which was about the topic I 
picked.  Then I did my review of literature.  Next, I developed 
my hypothesis.  After that I developed my questions for my 
questionnaire.  Then I drew a random sample of students and I 
gave out my questionnaires.  Next, I got the questionnaires back 
and I scored them.  Then I analyzed the data and wrote my 
summary and conclusion.  Finally, I applied my project to real 
life. 

III.  ANALYSIS OF DATA:

I handed out twenty-seven questionnaires and got all of them 
back.  Every student surveyed said that they like going on a 
vacation.  More than half said that they took at least three 
vacations a year.  Seventy-four percent said that they hadn't 
been anywhere they didn't want to go.  The majority said that 
they had traveled in a car and seventy percent have traveled in 
a plane.  Seventy percent feel that the best way to travel is by 
airplane.  All of the students surveyed have been out of state, 
but seventy-four percent said that they hadn't been out of the 
U.S.  Fifty-nine percent feel that visiting historical places is 
a great vacation.  Seventy percent said that where they would 
like to go most would be Hawaii.  About half surveyed said that 
they like doing sports, going places they have never been 
before, and going places-away from where they are staying while 
on vacation.

IV.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION:

66% surveyed said that they have traveled on an airplane and 
everyone has been out of state.  Therefore I accept my 
hypothesis which stated that more than half of the 4th and 5th 
graders from Mandeville Middle surveyed have gone out of state 
for vacation and about half have been on an airplane.

V.  APPLICATION:

I can apply my findings to the world outside my classroom by 
telling my family (to see if we can go to New York).  I also can 
tell a travel agent along with telling ticket sellers for 
airplanes to let them know the hot spots people might go.  The 
last, but not the least persons I can share my research with, 
are people who like to travel a lot.   



TITLE:  Collections Survey

STUDENT RESEARCHER:  Baron Daul
SCHOOL:  Mandeville Middle School
         Mandeville LA, 70448
GRADE:  5
TEACHER: Ellen Marino, M.Ed.


I.  STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESIS:

I would like to do a survey research project to find out if 
students have collections because I collect things and I would 
like to see if anyone else collect things.  My hypothesis states 
that the majority of the 4th and 5th graders surveyed at 
Mandeville Middle School have at least 1 collection and someone 
in their family has either a stamp or coin collection.

II.  METHODOLOGY:

First, I picked a topic, stated my purpose, and reviewed the 
literature.  Next, I developed my hypothesis.  After that, I 
developed my questionnaire and drew a random sample population 
to survey.  Then I administered the questionnaires and scored 
them.  Next, I analyzed the data.  Then I drew a conclusion and 
applied my results to the real world.

III. ANALYSIS OF DATA:

I handed out 27 questionnaires and I got all 27 back.  All but 
one of the people surveyed collects something.  They mentioned 
24 different kinds of collections.  More than half of those 
surveyed had mothers and fathers who collected something.  20 
people surveyed have somebody in their family who collects coins 
or stamps.  Of the people surveyed, 48% said they agreed that 
everyone should have a collection of some sort. 22 people said 
that you could make money off a collection.  Everybody that was 
surveyed said you should start collecting when you are young.  
63% knew that stamps are the most collected things in the world.  
74% of the people said that a coin collector's real name is a 
coin collector.  Only 26% knew it is numismatist.  81% of the 
people said a stamp collector is called a stamp collector, but 
only 19% knew it is also called a philatelist.

IV.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION:

Of those surveyed, all but one person collects something.  
Twenty people surveyed have somebody in their family who 
collects stamps or coins.  Therefore, I accept my hypothesis 
which states that the majority of the fourth and fifth graders 
surveyed at MMS have at least one collection and someone in 
their family will have either a stamp or coin collection.

V.  APPLICATION:

I can apply my findings to the real world by sharing this 
information with my family and friends.  I can also share my 
results with the librarian at my school.



TITLE:  What Transportation Do Kids Use?

STUDENT RESEARCHER:  Andrew Crane
SCHOOL:  Mandeville Middle
         Mandeville, LA. 70448
Grade:  5
TEACHER:  Ellen Marino M.Ed.


I.  STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESIS: 
          
I would like to do a  survey research project to find out how 
kids get around on there own.  I'm interested in this topic 
because I like bikes and go-carts.  My hypothesis states that 
more than 50% of the fourth and fifth grade students from MMS we 
survey will ride bicycles and that only about 25% wear safety 
equipment when riding bikes, rollerblades or skateboards.

II.  METHODOLOGY: 
     
First, I stated the purpose of my project.  Next, reviewed the 
literature and stated my hypothesis.  I developed a 
questionnaire and then drew a random sample to which I 
administered the questionnaire.  When they were returned I 
scored them.  I analyzed the data and wrote a summary and 
application.  Then I turned my report in, wrote an abstract, and 
sent it to the national journal for publication.

III.ANALYSIS OF DATA:
 
I handed out 27 questionnaires and all of them were returned 
completed.

100% of the students I surveyed have a bike.  44% got theirs for 
Christmas, 22% bought it themselves, 19% got it for their 
birthday, and 15% got it from their parents.  17 of the 27 kids 
surveyed ride their bike for two or more hours.  A majority of 
the 27 kids surveyed stated that they take care of their bike.  
30% of the kids wash their bike, 38% put it away, 19% are 
careful while riding it, and 13% fix their bike. 

Everyone surveyed had rollerblades.  Six got their roller blades 
for Christmas, four bought them, 10 got them for their birthday, 
and six kid's parents bought them.  56% of the kids felt that 
rollerblades are not the best way for kids to get around.

A majority agrees that safety equipment can save your life and 
is important to wear, but only 41% wear it.  When asked were 
they liked to bike or rollerblade kids said the Trace, their 
neighborhood, the lakefront, the skating rink, and in other 
subdivisions. 

IV.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: 

100% of the students in fourth and fifth grade I surveyed have a 
bike.  41% of the students wear safety equipment.  I therefore 
partially accept my Hypothesis that stated that more than 50% of 
the students at MMS have a bike and only about 25% wear safety 
equipment because more than 25% wear safety equipment.  

V.  APPLICATION: 

I can apply my findings to the real world by sharing this 
information with my family and friends.  I can also share my 
information with stores that sell bikes.



TITLE:  How Well Do Seventh Graders Understand The U.S. 
        Customary System?    

RESEARCHERS:  A.J. Heimbichner, Bryce Wiberg, Steven Williams 
SCHOOL:  Shepherd Junior High School  
         Shepherd, Montana
GRADE:  8  
TEACHERS:  Jennifer Wagner, Lisa Carpenter  

I.  STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESIS 

We did this project to learn more about the U.S. Customary 
System and to discover how well seventh grade students could use 
this system.  The U.S. Customary System is the traditional 
system of measurement, with units such as feet, gallons, and 
pounds, and was adopted from England.  Our hypothesis states 
that 75% of the seventh grade students surveyed will get six out 
of the nine questions on our questionnaire correct and a majority
will know how to use a ruler.      

II.  METHODOLOGY 

We selected a science class of 21 seventh graders.  We gave them 
a questionnaire that had 9 questions about the U.S. Customary 
System.  The questionnaire asked them to use a ruler and to 
recall general facts regarding the U.S. Customary System.  We 
gave them 15 minutes to complete the questions.  Then we scored 
them and told them as a class how they did.

III.  QUESTIONNAIRE AND RESPONSES

How well do 7th graders understand the U.S. Customary System?

1.  How many inches are in a foot?_______inches.

% answered correctly: 85%
% answered wrong: 15%

2.  How many feet are in a yard?________feet. 

% answered correctly:  80%
% answered wrong: 20%                 

3.  How many feet are in a mile?________feet.

a. 9ft. b. 525ft. c. 5,280ft. d. 750,630ft. 

% answered correctly: 85%
% answered wrong: 15%  

4.  How many yards are in a mile?_______yards.

a.  5,651yds.  b.  1,760yds.  c.  9,542yds.  d.  700yds.

% answered correctly: 80%
% answered wrong: 20%

5.  Measure this line with a ruler in inches.

    |_______________________________________|

% answered correctly: 40% 
% answered wrong: 60% 

6.  Measure this line with a ruler in inches.
                
                   |_________|

% answered correctly: 20%
% answered wrong : 80%

7.  Measure this line with a ruler in inches.

      |________________________________|

% answered correctly: 60% 
% answered wrong: 40% 

8.  Measure 6 3/4 inches and draw a line.

% answered correctly: 65%
% answered wrong: 35% 


III.  ANALYSIS OF DATA

After scoring the questionnaires we discovered that 76% of the 
seventh graders could correctly answer questions about units of 
measurement used in the U.S. Customary System.  We also found 
that over 67% of the seventh graders surveyed were unable to 
correctly measure various lines with a ruler.  

IV.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

We accept the first part of our hypothesis which stated that 
seventh graders could use the U.S. Customary System.  We reject 
the second part of our hypothesis which stated that 7th graders 
would know how to use a ruler because 67% were unable to 
correctly measure various lines with a ruler. 

V.  APPLICATION  

We think that this research will have an impact in Shepherd Jr. 
High School.  We have decided to send a letter out to the 6th, 
7th, and 8th grade teachers to inform them of our research 
findings.  With this letter, we included a sample questionnaire 
that had the percentages of right and wrong answers for each 
question.  We also gave them ideas and a sample lesson for them 
to use with their students on how to use a ruler.



Title:  What Is A Baby Boy's Daily And Weekly Routine?

Student Researcher:  Samantha Medler 
School Address:  Washington Woods Middle School 
                 Holt, MI 48842
Grade:  6
Teacher:  Barbara Lindquist, M. A. 


I.  Statement of Purpose and Hypothesis: 

I wanted to find out more about babies and how many diapers they 
go through.  My hypothesis states that a baby boy will go 
through 50 diapers in one week and around 7 each day. 

II.  Methodology:

I tested my hypothesis by collecting the data.  Every day I 
would tally each time the baby got his diaper changed.  After a 
week was over, I had how many diapers he went through in a week.  
I recorded this data for a 24-hour basis, or from 12:00 A. M. to 
12:00 A. M. the next day. 

III.  Analysis of Data: 

The data that I collected indicated that every day the baby can 
have a different number of times that he had his diaper changed.  
On Sunday he had 10 diapers changed, on Monday he had 9 diapers 
changed, on Tuesday through Friday he had 8 diapers changed, and 
finally on Saturday he had 7 diapers changed. 

IV.  Summary and Conclusion:

I found out that every day can be different and if I did another 
week I would probably find out that it was totally different 
than this one.  I reject my hypothesis because I guessed 50 for 
the whole week and the baby used 58.  I also guessed 7 diapers 
for every day, but it was all different numbers. 

V.  Application: 

My findings can help people live because if someone had a baby 
boy they would know if the amount of diapers changed was normal 
for their baby.  Also it can help my sister because the baby boy 
is hers and she will know what the number of diapers to keep 
around the house.



Title:  What Time Of Day Do Kids Pay Attention The Most? Does
        The Day Of The Week Affect The Results?

Student Researcher:  Tracy Schrauben
School:  Washington Woods Middle School
         Holt, Michigan 48842
Grade:  6
Teacher:  Mrs.  Lindquist

I.  Statement of Purpose and Hypothesis: 

I wanted to know more about how much kids actually pay 
attention.  I wondered if the day of the week affects this.  My 
hypothesis is that the day of the week will affect kids' ability 
to pay attention in class. 

II.  Methodology:

To test this, I observed a girl and a boy each day of the week 
in all four core classes.  The girl and the boy I choose had to 
be in all of these classes.  I choose Nick and Megan.  Every day 
I wrote down what they were doing and if they were paying 
attention in class or not.  After one week, I looked over my 
notes and observe my results. 

III.  Analysis of Data:

Monday was the first day I observed.  At first, Nick started out 
a little bit wound up, but by second hour he was paying 
attention.  At the end of the day, he got a little wild and had 
lost interest for what we were doing.  All day Megan stayed on 
task. 

Tuesday, Nick starts to calm down.  He has been paying attention 
until ninth hour when he gets a little off task.  Each hour 
Megan seems to be paying attention. 

Wednesday, Nick is doing good again, until the end of the day.  
Megan is still on task and paying attention, as usual. 

Thursday is pretty much the same.  But it is getting closer the 
end of the week and Nick's attention level goes down.  He is 
mostly hyper at the start and end of the day.  Megan is doing 
fine. 

Friday, Nick is very hyper because of the weekend.  Megan is 
still paying attention even though she is excited about the 
weekend. 

IV.  Summary and Conclusion: 

I found out from my investigation that kids pay the most 
attention at midweek.  Monday and Friday are the worst because 
they are either coming from or going into the weekend.  For 
Megan, it really didn't depend on which day because she was 
always paying attention.  But for Nick it did. 

V.  Application:

From my research, teachers may have a better idea on what 
activities to plan on what days so they are able to hold the 
kids attention throughout the week.  They might have fun stuff 
to do at the beginning and end of the week.  Study times may be 
planned for the middle of the week when kids pay more attention.  
They may also know when to keep an eye on kids during the week.




TITLE:  The Accuracy Of Parking Meters

STUDENT RESEARCHER(S):  Heather Thompson and Tanya Polk
SCHOOL ADDRESS:  Robert E. Aylor Middle School
                 Stephens City, Va. 22655
GRADE:  8
TEACHER:  Mrs. Burdick


I.  STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESIS:

We wanted to find out the accuracy of parking meters.  We 
believed that out of the thirty parking meters we tested, twenty 
would be incorrect.

II.  METHODOLOGY:

To test our hypothesis, we randomly chose thirty meters in the 
city of Winchester.  Then we put a nickel in each meter so that 
it would run for twelve minutes.  When the meter started we 
started the stopwatch.  We then waited until the time expired 
and the flag appeared on the meter.  Then we stopped the 
stopwatch when the flag appeared.  Lastly, we recorded the time. 
The materials used in order to do this were: two stopwatches, 
thirty different parking meters, and a sheet on which to record 
the data.

III.  ANALYSIS OF DATA:

After we had tested all thirty meters, we saw that six meters 
gave us time below twelve minutes and twenty-four meters were 
over twelve minutes.

IV.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION:

We found out that all of the meters were wrong, most above 
twelve minutes. So, our hypothesis was wrong.  We thought that 
twenty would be correct and ten would be wrong.  It turns out 
that all the meters were wrong.  To make this project better, we 
could have tested the meters twice.

V.  APPLICATION:

The parking meters that were above twelve minutes were to the 
persons advantage.  The reason they were to the persons 
advantage was because most of the meters gave anywhere from one 
to five minutes more time allowing the person to park longer 
than twelve minutes.