The National Student Research Center

E-Journal of Student Research: Social Studies

Volume 7, Number 1, September, 1999


The National Student Research Center is dedicated to promoting student research and the use of the scientific method in all subject areas across the curriculum, especially science and math.

For more information contact:

John I. Swang, Ph.D.
Founder/Director
National Student Research Center
2024 Livingston Street
Mandeville, Louisiana 70448
U.S.A.
E-Mail: nsrcmms@communique.net
http://youth.net/nsrc/nsrc.html



TABLE OF CONTENTS

  1. Year Round School - Yes or No
  2. School Playground Project
  3. Animals in Medical Research
  4. To Eat Or Not To Eat, That Is The Question
  5. Pet Survey
  6. Reading Habits
  7. Everything You Want To Know About Presidents
  8. What 4th and 5th Graders Know About Professional Athletes

Title:  Year Round School - Yes or No

Student Researcher:  Alyson Boyd
School:  Robert Lucas Elementary School
         Iowa City, IA
Grade:  6th
Teacher:  Chris Rohret


I.  Statement of Purpose and Hypothesis:
    
I wanted to know how 5th and 6th graders at Robert Lucas 
Elementary School feel about year round school.  My hypothesis 
was that the majority of 5th and 6th graders would not want year 
round school.

II.  Methodology:
    
I reviewed information abut year round school.  Then I wrote my 
statement of purpose and hypothesis.  I developed my survey and 
drew a random sample of twenty-one, 5th and 6th graders.  I also 
analyzed my data and wrote my summary and conclusion.  I made 
circle graphs to show the results of my research.

III.  Analysis of Data:
    
More than half of the students who completed my survey did not 
want year round school.  Also, most of the students think 
fitting in summer activities is the biggest disadvantage.  Fifth 
and sixth graders think the biggest advantage would be higher 
test scores because the students would be in school throughout 
the entire year.

IV.  Summary and Conclusion:
    
Most of the 5th and 6th graders at Robert Lucas do not want year 
round school. Therefore, I accept my hypothesis.

V.  Application:
    
The 5th and 6th graders at Lucas, overall, do not want year 
round school.  I will send my data to Barbara Grohe, the 
Superintendent of Iowa City Schools so she knows how students 
feel about year round school.



Title:  School Playground Project

Student Researcher:  Bruce Campbell
School:  Robert Lucas Elementary  
         Iowa City, Iowa
Grade:  6
Teacher:  Chris Rohret


I.  Statement of Purpose and Hypothesis:

I wanted to know what students' attitudes were about our 
school's playground.  My hypothesis was that most 4th through 
6th graders would like some changes made to our playground, and 
that they would really enjoy a football field.

II.  Methodology:

I read information on playgrounds.  Then I wrote my statement of 
purpose and myhypothesis.  I designed a questionnaire, and drew 
a stratified random sample of boys and girls in 4th through 6th 
grade.  After the students completed the questionnaire I tallied 
the data and the information.

III.  Analysis of Data:

More than half of the boys said that they would want a new 
football field and football was their favorite recess activity.  
The majority of girls would want a baseball diamond.  A football 
field was a close second.  Most of the girls chose talking with 
friends as their favorite recess activity. 

IV.  Summary and Conclusion:

The majority of boys and some girls at Lucas would like a 
football field.  Therefore I accept my hypothesis.

V. Application:

Students at Robert Lucas would like a football field.  I will 
send this survey to the P.T.A. (Parent Teacher Association) 
because they would want to know what students want on their 
playground.
    


Title:  Animals in Medical Research

Student Researcher:  Bryan Boal
School:  Robert Lucas Elementary  
         Iowa City, Iowa
Grade:  6
Teacher:  Chris Rohret


I. Statement of Purpose and Hypothesis:

I wanted to know the opinions of 5th and 6th graders on animals 
being used for medical research at Lucas Elementary.   My 
hypothesis stated that  people won't mind as long as the use of 
animals in medical research is humane.

II.  Methodology:

I read the literature on this topic.  Then I made my hypothesis, 
typed my survey, drew 40 names of 5th and 6th graders randomly, 
and passed out the surveys.  I scored the surveys, made some 
graphs, and wrote my abstract.

III.  Analysis of Data:

A little more than 1/2 of the students thought that animals 
shouldn't be used in medical research; a little more than 1/4 
said they should; less than 1/4 of the responses were comprised 
of ''Others'' and ''I don't knows''.  

Top reason for not using animals was, ''Animals are hurt and 
killed."  Top reason for using animals was, ''Animals have been 
used for artificial joints and to find cancer treatments, make 
insulin,  make vaccines and antibiotics, and develop procedures 
for cataract surgery".

IV.  Summary and Conclusion:

Most of the students in the 5th and 6th grades at Lucas didn't 
think that animals should be used in medical research.  
Therefore, I rejected my hypothesis.

V. Application:

I will send my research to the researchers and professors at the 
University of Iowa and Oakdale Campus and encourage them to find 
something other than animals to experiment on.



Title:  To Eat Or Not To Eat, That Is The Question

Student Researcher:  Collin Malaney 
School:  Robert Lucas Elementary  
         Iowa City, Iowa
Grade:   6 
Teacher:  Chris Rohret 


I.  Statement of Purpose and Hypothesis: 

I wanted to find out what the favorite and least favorite main 
courses were for school lunch. My hypothesis was that the kids 
that I surveyed would choose French toast sticks for their 
favorite lunch and the least favorite lunch would be macaroni 
and cheese. 

II.  Methodology:
 
First, I reviewed the literature on school lunches.  The next 
thing I did was develop a statement of purpose and hypothesis.  
Afterwards, I wrote my survey.  Then I drew the names of ten 
kids from each class in fourth, fifth, and sixth grade at Lucas.   
I tallied the data and then accepted or rejected my hypothesis. 

III.  Analysis of Data:
  
I found that 19 of the kids chose pizza for their favorite 
lunch, very few chose chicken patty, a little over a third chose 
French toast sticks, and 25 chose "Other."  I also found that 
most of the kids chose macaroni for their least favorite lunch, 
a few chose the deli meat sandwich, 15 chose chef salad, and a 
fourth chose "Other."  Interestingly, most kids don't like the 
schools lunch yet eat it every day.  A majority of students 
shared ideas about how to improve the schools lunch.

IV.  Summary and Conclusion: 

The majority of the students that I surveyed chose French toast 
sticks as their favorite meal at school and chose macaroni for 
their least favorite.  Therefore, I accept my hypothesis. 

V. Application: 

I believe that the lunch program should accept the 
recommendations by the students and improve/change the lunch.  I 
will send the recommendations to our Food Service Director in 
hopes that she will use them to improve the school's lunch.



TITLE:  Pet Survey

STUDENT RESEARCHER:  Rachel Pachman
SCHOOL:  Mandeville Middle School
         Mandeville, LA 70448
GRADE:  5
TEACHER:  Ellen Marino, M.Ed.


I.  STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESIS

I would like to do a survey scientific research project on pets 
and the kind people own and how they take care of them.  I want 
to see how many and what kinds of pets people have or want.  My 
hypothesis stated that the majority of fourth and fifth graders 
at Mandeville Middle School have a pet, do not spend their own 
money on the pet, and are responsible for caring for the pet.

II.  METHODOLOGY

First, I thought of a topic.  Secondly, I wrote my statement of 
purpose.  Then I gathered information about my topic and wrote 
my review of the literature.  After that, I developed my 
hypothesis.  Next, I wrote my materials and methodology.  After 
that, I developed my questionnaires.  I then drew a random 
sample population and administered my questionnaires.  Next, I 
wrote my analysis of data and wrote my summary and conclusion.  
Finally, I applied my findings to the real world.

III.  ANALYSIS OF DATA

I handed out 27 surveys.  26 were returned.  About 81 percent of 
the questioned people feel that pets are the best things to 
have.  Only 27 percent of the people questioned agreed with the 
statement that "Cats make the best pets."  About 73 percent of 
the people feel that cats are not the best pets to have. All but 
one person has a pet.  23 people have a dog, 12 have "Others," 
eight have a cat, and seven have fish.  All of the people 
questioned have responsibilities for their pet.  24 people feed 
their pet, nine people give their pet water, and seven people 
clean their pet.  And 6 people walk their pet.  46 percent of 
people responding let their pet go indoors and outdoors.  Less 
than half of the people questioned spend their own money on 
their pet.  54 percent spend it on toys, six people buy treats, 
and one person bought a collar.  All except three people agreed 
that a veterinarian should examine a pet before you take it 
home.  The majority of people stated that their pet was 
important to them because they loved them.  Others stated that 
their pet was fun to play with, a good friend, and company.  
Almost everyone has had a pet in the past.   The top five pets 
were dogs, cats, hamsters, bunnies, and fish.

IV.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

Of the information I got from the 26 surveys returned, all but 
one person have a pet, most do not spend their own money on 
their pet, and all are responsible for caring for their pet.  
Therefore, I partially accept my hypothesis which stated that 
the majority of fourth and fifth graders at Mandeville Middle 
school have a pet, do not spend their own money on their pet, 
and are responsible for caring for their pet.

V.  APPLICATION

I can apply my findings to the world outside my classroom by 
sharing this information with pet store workers, veterinarians, 
and friends.   



TITLE:  Reading Habits

STUDENT RESEARCHER:  Quentin Manuel
SCHOOL:  Mandeville Middle School
         Mandeville, LA 70448
GRADE:  5th
TEACHER:  Ellen Marino, M.Ed


I.  STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESIS:

I want to do a survey research project to find out about the 
reading habits of students because I like to read a lot.  I 
would like to know how much students read, what books they like 
to read, and a lot more information.  My hypothesis states that 
the majority of the 4th and 5th graders at MMS would like 
adventure books than any other type of book and spend at least 
30 minutes a week reading for pleasure.

II.  METHODOLOGY:

First, I chose a topic, then I wrote my statement of purpose.  
Then I had to review the literature.  After that, I developed my 
hypothesis.  I made my questionnaire and administered them to a 
randomly drawn population.  Once I got them back, I scored them, 
then analyzed the data.  I wrote a summary and conclusion and 
applied my findings.  Finally, I turned in my completed report.

III.  ANALYSIS OF DATA:

Out of 27 questionnaires administered, 26 were returned.  10 of 
the people I surveyed said that they read only 15-30 minutes a 
week for pleasure, but 23% of the people said the read 30 
minutes or longer weekly.  The majority of the sample said they 
sometimes read on the bus.  65% of the people said they read 
more at school than at home.  3 people were neutral when asked 
if they thought that the Redwall series by Brian Jacques was the 
best book series.  Most of the people surveyed said they had 
read the Boxcar Children, and eight others said they had read 
the Nancy Drew mysteries.  41% of the students chose adventure 
as their favorite type of book and 38% chose mystery.  Seven 
students said they check out books at the library every month.  
58% said they check out a book at least every two month.  35% of 
the people surveyed said libraries fine for late books was 
because other people need or want to use that book.  Other 
reasons are: it's late, they think you might keep it, they have 
to have their books back, or to teach you responsibility.  73% 
knew that the Library of Congress was the biggest library in the 
world.  Only half the students knew that Harvard College Library 
is the largest college library in the world.

IV.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

I found that only 23%of the surveyed people said they read for 
30 minutes or longer weekly and that 41% of the students chose 
adventure as their favorite type of book.  Therefore I reject my 
hypothesis which stated that the majority of the 4th and 5th 
grade at MMS would like adventure books better than any other 
type of book, and spend at least 30 minutes a week reading for 
pleasure.

V.  APPLICATION

I can apply this information to the real world by sharing this 
information with my librarian so she would know what books 
students like.  I could also share this with my teachers, 
family, and friends.



TITLE:  Everything You Want To Know About Presidents

STUDENT RESEARCHER:  Michael Kelly
SCHOOL:  Mandeville Middle School
         Mandeville, LA 70448
GRADE:  5
TEACHER:  Ellen Marino, M.Ed.


I.  STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESIS:

I would like to do a survey research project on presidents.  I 
want to find out how much information students at M.M.S. know 
about present and past presidents.  My hypothesis states that 
the fourth and fifth graders at Mandeville Middle School who are 
surveyed will correctly answer a majority of the questions on 
present presidents, but incorrectly answer the questions on past 
presidents.

II.  METHODOLOGY:

My materials were a data collection form, a pen or pencil, and a 
questionnaire.  The first thing I did was I developed my 
statement of purpose.  Second, I made my review of literature 
and bibliography.  Then, I stated my hypothesis.  Next, I 
gathered my materials.  Then I developed my questionnaire.  
After that, I drew names of who was going to answer my 
questions.  I administered the questionnaires.  Then, I scored 
them.  Next, I analyzed my data.  And I wrote my summary and 
conclusion.  Last, I applied my data to the real world.

III.  ANALYSIS OF DATA:
 
I handed out 27 questionnaires and 26 of them were returned.  
Only five people knew that John Adams was the first President to 
live in the White House.  73% of the people knew that Abraham 
Lincoln was the 16th President of the U.S.  Only one person knew 
that Franklin Delano Roosevelt was the first President to appear 
on television.  12 of the 26 people knew that four Presidents 
have been assassinated.
    
46% of the people knew that Richard Nixon was the only President 
to resign from office.  50% correctly answered that of the 
Presidents: George Bush, Gerald Ford, Richard Nixon, and Abraham 
Lincoln, that Gerald Ford was the only President not to be 
elected.  69% of the people knew that George Bush was President 
before Bill Clinton.
  
Less than half of the people knew that Bill Clinton's home state 
is Arkansas.  Of the people surveyed, 86% said that Bill Clinton 
is their least favorite President.  21 of the 26 people agreed 
with the statement that Bill Clinton should be thrown out of 
office. 

The top two favorite Presidents of the people surveyed were 
George Washington and Abraham Lincoln.  8 of the 26 people 
surveyed knew that it's false that a candidate has to be at 
least 30 years old to run for President.  Less than 50% of the 
people surveyed agreed that the President of the U.S. is the 
most powerful person in the world. 23 people knew that a 
President can be elected two times.

IV.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: 

Of the questions on past Presidents, a majority of students 
incorrectly answered them.  Of the questions on present 
Presidents, a majority correctly answered them.  Therefore, I 
accept my hypothesis which stated that the fourth and fifth 
graders at Mandeville Middle School surveyed will correctly 
answer a majority of the questions on present Presidents, but 
incorrectly answer the questions on past Presidents.

V.  APPLICATION: 

I can apply my data to the real world by sharing my information 
with my family and friends.  Also, I can share it with the 
Social Studies teachers at my school.



TITLE:  What 4th and 5th Graders Know About Professional
        Athletes

STUDENT RESEARCHER:  Matthew Meyer
SCHOOL:  Mandeville Middle School
         Mandeville, LA 70448
GRADE:  4th
TEACHER:  Ellen Marino, M.Ed.


I.  STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND HYPOTHESIS:

I would like to do a survey research project on what fourth and 
fifth graders know about professional sports because I like 
sports.  I want to know if they know a lot of information about 
pro sports and players.

My hypothesis states that the fourth and fifth graders surveyed 
at Mandeville Middle School will correctly answer the majority 
of the questions about professional sports and boys will answer 
more correctly than girls will.

II.  METHODOLOGY:

The materials I need are a pen, questionnaires, and a data 
collection form.

First, I picked a topic and stated my purpose.  Then I did a 
review of the literature.  After that I developed my hypothesis.  
Next, I developed a questionnaire and drew a random sample 
population. After that I administered the questionnaires and 
scored them.  Next I analyzed the data.  After that I wrote my 
summary and conclusion.  Then I applied my findings to the real 
world. 

III.  ANALYSIS OF DATA:
 
I handed out 27 surveys and 24 were returned.  Everybody, but 1 
person knew that Roger Maris was not the homerun champion in 
baseball.  16 different athletes were chosen as a favorite pro 
sports player. Michael Jordan and Brett Favre were chosen the 
most.  50% of the people knew that Turner Field was located in 
Atlanta.  The majority of people agreed that John Stockton is 
one of the best pro basketball players now.  15 of the 24 people 
agreed that pro athletes deserve the money they make.  Seven 
people knew that Jerome Bettis' nickname was the Bus.  
Everybody, but one person knew that Atlanta and Denver played in 
the Super Bowl this year.  About 70% of the people knew France 
won the World Cup in 1998.  The majority of people knew the 
Montreal Expos played in Major League baseball.  Less than half 
of the people knew that Scottie Pippen has played for 3 teams.  
Only 46% of the people knew that in hockey the championship is 
called the Stanley Cup.  A majority of those surveyed knew what 
NFL, NHL, and MLB stood for but only 45% knew what NBA and MLS 
means.

IV.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION: 

The students surveyed correctly answered a majority of the 
questions.  67% of the boys correctly answered the questions 
about professional sports and only 61% of the girls correctly 
answered the questions about professional sports.  Therefore I 
accept my hypothesis which stated that the fourth and fifth 
graders surveyed at Mandeville Middle School will correctly 
answer the majority of the questions about professional sports 
and boys will answer more correctly than girls will.

V.  APPLICATION:

I can apply my findings to the real world by sharing this 
information with my friends and family.  Also I can share my 
information with the P.E. teachers at my school.